On college campuses in India, students openly discuss numerous contemporary issues, including mental health, climate change, and gender identity. However, when the conversation turns to HIV, there is an evident hesitation. Many students are reluctant to engage in open discussions about this topic, not due to a lack of interest, but because they feel insecure and uncertain about how to approach it. This situation highlights the urgent need for a rights-based approach to HIV education, which prioritizes dignity, respect, and accurate information.
Traditional methods of HIV education in India have often relied on fear-based messaging—attempting to scare individuals into proper behavior—and moral judgments that create feelings of guilt. These methods have proven ineffective, as demonstrated by statistics from UNAIDS, indicating that over a third of new HIV cases in India are among individuals aged 15-29, predominantly college students. This alarming reality is not due to ignorance of HIV but rather a lack of secure communication channels and supportive policies that empower students to utilize the information available to them.
A rights-based approach centers on three fundamental protections necessary for students to engage more openly with HIV-related content. The first is the right to learn in a judgment-free environment. Education must reflect the diversity of student identities and experiences while allowing them to explore the subject without fear of repercussions.
Next, students should have access to private and comfortable testing and support services. Surveys indicate that fear and stigma around getting tested significantly hinder young individuals from seeking help. Providing discreet testing facilities on campus could encourage many students to take the life-saving step of knowing their status without feeling vulnerable or exposed.
Lastly, it is crucial to ensure that students living with HIV are treated with the same respect and dignity as their peers. Universities must actively practice the provisions of the HIV & AIDS (Prevention & Control) Act instead of merely promoting it. Creating an inclusive atmosphere helps dismantle stigma and establishes a supportive community for all students.
Implementing a rights-based model requires actionable steps beyond mere theoretical discussions. Increasing the presence of peer educators, setting up dedicated health corners for private consultations, integrating sexual and reproductive health topics into the curriculum, and utilizing digital micro-learning for a more engaging educational experience are some possible strategies.
Moreover, addressing larger issues of power dynamics, consent, and gender equality is essential. Young women and gender diverse individuals often face heightened risks related to HIV, not because of their actions, but due to imbalances in decision-making power. A rights-based message empowers all individuals to make informed choices about their health without fear of judgment or coercion.
With the swift evolution of cultural norms and emerging technologies, it is imperative for colleges to adopt new, relevant methods for HIV education that resonate with students' lives today. Emphasizing a rights-based approach fosters an environment where young people feel equipped to pursue testing, reduce stigma, and ultimately make healthier choices. By transforming HIV education into an engaging and respectful dialogue, Indian campuses can significantly impact their students' lives, paving the way for thoughtful, compassionate adults.
To truly combat HIV among India's youth, it is time to move beyond simply informing students and instead embrace a culture of openness and respect. A rights-based approach is not merely an enhancement—it is a necessity. When students feel validated and safe, they not only enhance their well-being but can profoundly influence the culture of their peers, thus initiating real change.